LIG Keynote Speeches

Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  05 mars 2020

Quantum Protocol Zoo

Elham KASHEFI

Elham Kashefi is Professor of Quantum Computing at the University of Edinburgh and Directeur de recherche at CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, LIP6. She has pioneered a trans-disciplinaly research environment investigating all aspects of quantum cloud computing and verification of quantum technology all the way to actual industrial applications. She is Senior Science Team Leader for the UK Computing and Simulation Hub and the Co-founder of the French start up VeriQloud Ltd.

 

Résumé :

Future information and communication networks will certainly consist of both classical and quantum devices, some of which are expected to be dishonest, with various degrees of functionality, ranging from simple routers to servers executing quantum algorithms. Most of the technology required to achieve advanced stages of a quantum internet is still in its infancy, hence it is very hard to predict the potential use cases. Several applications, however, have already been characterized depending on the different stages of a quantum network such as secure delegated quantum computing, quantum key distribution, clock synchronization, leader election, quantum digital signatures, quantum money among others. Such applications promise to impact and transform the society on multiple levels including communication, accessing information and security. Therefore, it would be extremely useful to have a standard framework to describe the protocols that are relevant to quantum internet such that they become available to the diverse quantum information science community. We take the first step in this direction and call such an initiative: The Quantum Protocol Zoo which consists of an organised collection of protocols that could be implemented (or simulated) in the coming years. In this lecture I present an overview of the filed through this new platform of interaction with various communities contributing to it.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  09 janvier 2020

Audio-visual machine perception for human-robot and human-computer interaction

Radu Patrice HORAUD

In this talk, I will give an overview of the research carried out by the Perception team (Inria and Laboratoire Jean Kuntzman) for the past five years. I will start by stating the scientific challenges of fusing audio and visual data, in contrast to other data fusion paradigms. I will discuss audio-visual alignement and audio-visual tracking in the context of multiple users interacting with a robot or, more generally, with an intelligent agent. I will emphasize the complementary roles played by visual and audio perception and I will address in detail the problems associated with fusing these two modalities in unrestricted settings, such as interaction with a robot in a complex environment. Finally, I will discuss the challenges of combining multimodal perception with speech communication and with robot control.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  05 décembre 2019

Modern as Fourier

Patrick FLANDRIN

Joseph Fourier holds a special position in the history of sciences, with respect of course to his scientific career, but also to his political actions and his societal impact. Rightly considered as one of the fathers of mathematical physics, Fourier built his magnum opus—the Analytical Theory of Heat —on a vision of science that is astonishingly modern, beyond conventional barriers between disciplines. Fourier has however been long ignored, whereas he has been more than instrumental in the numerical revolution we experien ce since the 50s and that is now an integral part of our everyday life: without Fourier, no JPEG, no MP3, no algorithms for medical or astronomical imaging! As a follow-up of the « Fourier year » which has celebrated in 2018 the 250thanniversary of Fourier’s birthday, we will sketch the life and legacy of this exceptional figure, and underline how much his pioneering works paved the way for avenues which never ceased to be explored, with recent contributions whose spectrum spans large and complementary aspects of physics and information sciences.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  07 novembre 2019

Supporting Climate Change Adaptation Planning and Disaster Risk Reduction with Models: the case of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Alexis DROGOUL

The use of GIS and spatial information has become essential in planning the adaptation of human communities to the impacts of climate change and disasters, especially in developing countries where other alternative infrastructures do not always exist. Reducing the vulnerability of communities to these impacts, while increasing their resilience through a sustainable path to development, requires however more advanced tools, like dynamic integrated models of socio-ecosystems, able to capture and represent the complex interactions and feedback loops between a changing society and its changing environment in multiple climatic scenarios. 

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  03 octobre 2019

Processing of multimodal data: Benefit or loss?

Christian JUTTEN

Due to technology advances, multimodal recordings are currently very common, e.g. EEG/MEG/MRI for brain imaging, video and sound recordings for scene analysis or hyperspectral and LIDAR recordings for remote sensing. It is usually believed that such multimodal recordings lead to enhanced information and better estimation. However, what does it happen when the relationships between the modalities are not perfectly known? For answering this issue, we will consider a very simple and comprehensible example involving two modalities, each one associated to a Gaussian noisy information channel. We will analytically derive and discuss the - sometimes surprising - effects of the input prior mismatch and of the noise mismatch on mutual information and excess mean square error.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  04 juillet 2019

Abstraction in Education

Arnold L. ROSENBERG
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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  06 juin 2019

Global environmental collapse risks: is digital technology a solution or a problem?

Pierre-Yves LONGARETTI

Crises of all sorts are more and more prominent in the news: climate change, biodiversity loss, finance… Various lines of analysis suggest that these are symptoms of a deeper problem, bearing on the risks of global collapse of the occidental model of development, now almost ubiquitous on the planet.
To meet this challenge, many voices promote the digital transition as an ambitious means for the ecological transition. However, this seems at odds with a number of impacts of the digital work on society and its environment.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  02 mai 2019

Contrasting artificial intelligence with human intelligence: In search of alternatives for the future of AI

Jean-Louis DESSALLES

Some artificial intelligence techniques were recently able to scale up, provoking what many consider as a technical revolution. However, the type of AI that proved so successful in the past decade relies on the exploitation of massive data, and is limited to narrow domains of expertise. By contrast, human intelligence is very efficient at making broad inferences from limited evidence. I will highlight a few qualitative differences between artificial intelligence and human intelligence. These differences are mainly due to a small set of cognitive operations, such as contrast or simplicity detection, that human beings perform on the fly. I will also suggest that attempting to bridge the gap between these two forms of intelligence might be the best way to improve artificial systems in the future.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  04 avril 2019

Benefits and Hazards of "Public" vs "Private" vs "Local" DNS

Paul VIXIE

Since commercialization and privatization of the Internet first began in the 1990's, there has been a steady push to move access side DNS (called "recursive") away from customer networks and towards first ISP's and later Cisco, Google, IBM, and Cloudflare. What are the real motives for this trend? What are the risks and costs, and who pays them? Dr. Vixie has worked in the DNS field since 1989 and has invented many of the monitoring and filtering capabilities now used by nearly all DNS services, and he will try to explain what's happening. Special attention will be paid to the new web-based "DNS over HTTP" or "DoH" protocol now being strongly pushed by Mozilla and others.

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Les Grandes Conférences du LIG - The LIG Keynote Speeches
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LIG
 -  07 mars 2019

Put That There: 30 Years of Research on Multimodal Interaction

James CROWLEY

Humans interact with the world using five major senses: sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. Almost all interaction with the environment is naturally multimodal, as audio, tactile or paralinguistic cues provide confirmation for physical actions and spoken commands. Multimodal interaction seeks to fully exploit these parallel channels for perception and action to provide robust, natural interaction. 
Richard Bolt’s "Put That There" (1980) provided an early paradigm that demonstrated the power of multimodality and helped attract researchers from a variety of disciplines to study a new approach for computing that moves beyond desktop graphical user interfaces (GUI). A series of workshops on Perceptual User Interfaces, as well as the organization of the 1st ICMI in Beijing in 1996 and eventually to the creation of the ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems, in 2011. 
In this talk I will look back to the origins of the scientific community of multimodal interaction, and review some of the more salient results that have emerged over the last 30 years including results in machine perception, system architecture, and human-computer interaction. I will illustrate these with demonstrations of multimodal interaction with smart environments, constructed in Grenoble in the period 1990 to 2010. 
Recently a number of game-changing technologies such as deep learning, cloud computing, and planetary scale data collection have emerged to provide robust solutions to historically hard problems. As a result, scientific understanding of multimodal interaction gas taken on new relevance as construction of practical systems becomes feasible. I will discuss the impact of these new technologies and the opportunities and challenges that they raise, and conclude with a discussion of the importance of convergence with cognitive science and cognitive systems to provide foundations for intelligent, human-centered interactive systems that learn and fully understand humans and human-to-human social interaction, in order to provide services that surpass the abilities of the most intelligent human servants.

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